<\/span><\/h2>\nD\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u nh\u1edbt chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p d\u1ea7u g\u1ed1c cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111a n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1edf n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t cho m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/span><\/p>\nNhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. D\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t, m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\nD\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea7u kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. D\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, kho\u1ea3ng 80% trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trong khi nhu c\u1ea7u cho d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 5%. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong d\u1ea7u, glycol v\u00e0 phosphate ester.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>II. C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\nTheo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO (T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n H\u00f3a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf), d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ba nh\u00f3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y xem c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c theo \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>1. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c theo \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\nD\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf 40\u00b0C. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt, d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t nh\u1edbt k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf 40\u00b0C. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u qua m\u1ed9t mao qu\u1ea3n v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1eaft c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u1ea1i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1edbt k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb mm2\/s. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n