, c\u1ea7n gia nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 150\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cracking – qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n Khi d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cracking – qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a, vi\u1ec7c gia nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1t, bay h\u01a1i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t k\u00edn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1ea7u ra ngo\u00e0i, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u cao b\u1ecb r\u00f2 ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p oxi t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tia d\u1ea1ng s\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thay d\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu d\u1ea7u \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, <\/span>khi d\u1ea7u m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 20-25% so v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u m\u1edbi,<\/b> th\u00ec n\u00ean <\/span>c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc thay m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>II. Quy tr\u00ecnh thay d\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t chu\u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\nL\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p do k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4, l\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>1. Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u00e1o d\u1ea7u<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 50\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m cho d\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ecfng.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Th\u00e1o d\u1ea7u t\u1eeb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ed3n gi\u00e3n n\u1edf b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea7u c\u0169 b\u00ean trong.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>2. Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00fac d\u1ea7u<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- S\u00fac r\u1eeda h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n t\u1eeb b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u cho tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 cho d\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y qua l\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Sau khi s\u00fac r\u1eeda ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, th\u00e1o d\u1ea7u t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed thay v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1.5 bar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>3. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p d\u1ea7u<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c van th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u00ed khi n\u1ea1p d\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/li>\n
- N\u1ea1p d\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a ho\u1eb7c tuy\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed5 d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3n gi\u00e3n n\u1edf.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Cho d\u1ea7u l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd, ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u, n\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, th\u00eam d\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3n gi\u00e3n n\u1edf.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u01a1m c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111o v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00e1p k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 quy tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>4. V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Trong l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 100\u00b0C. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0ng \u0111un l\u00f2, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed \u1edf c\u00e1c van x\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng van x\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u00ed trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n
- M\u1edf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i \u1edf b\u1ed3n gi\u00e3n n\u1edf t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u00ec khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t 100\u00b0C, n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed n\u1ebfu b\u01a1m \u0111o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00e1p k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n