<\/span><\/h2>\nC\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt:<\/b> \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc:<\/b> \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y: <\/b>\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t h\u1ecfa khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a:<\/b> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb oxi ho\u00e1 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u1ec1n v\u1edbi oxy s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1eb7m m\u00f2n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c do oxy h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n:<\/b> Nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, axit v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t: <\/b>T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: <\/b>D\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u1edbt, v\u00f2ng ch\u1eef O v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng khi ch\u1ecdn nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\nKhi ch\u1ecdn <\/span>nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c <\/b>ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng khi ch\u1ecdn nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<\/b> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. S\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edbt \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/b> M\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ri\u00eang, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. Khi ch\u1ecdn nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/b> Nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng su\u00f4n s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh: <\/b>Nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao n\u00ean c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edbt kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/li>\n
- Ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n: <\/b>Nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u1ec1n v\u1edbi oxy s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1eb7m m\u00f2n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c do oxy h\u00f3a. Ngo\u00e0i ra, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n
- S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: <\/b>Nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1n, ph\u1edbt, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edbt kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1edbt th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1edbt ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n